ECMAScript® 2024 Language Specification

Draft ECMA-262 / February 15, 2024

15.3 Arrow Function Definitions

Syntax

ArrowFunction[In, Yield, Await] : ArrowParameters[?Yield, ?Await] [no LineTerminator here] => ConciseBody[?In] ArrowParameters[Yield, Await] : BindingIdentifier[?Yield, ?Await] CoverParenthesizedExpressionAndArrowParameterList[?Yield, ?Await] ConciseBody[In] : [lookahead ≠ {] ExpressionBody[?In, ~Await] { FunctionBody[~Yield, ~Await] } ExpressionBody[In, Await] : AssignmentExpression[?In, ~Yield, ?Await]

Supplemental Syntax

When processing an instance of the production
ArrowParameters[Yield, Await] : CoverParenthesizedExpressionAndArrowParameterList[?Yield, ?Await]
the interpretation of CoverParenthesizedExpressionAndArrowParameterList is refined using the following grammar:

ArrowFormalParameters[Yield, Await] : ( UniqueFormalParameters[?Yield, ?Await] )

15.3.1 Static Semantics: Early Errors

ArrowFunction : ArrowParameters => ConciseBody ArrowParameters : CoverParenthesizedExpressionAndArrowParameterList

15.3.2 Static Semantics: ConciseBodyContainsUseStrict

The syntax-directed operation ConciseBodyContainsUseStrict takes no arguments and returns a Boolean. It is defined piecewise over the following productions:

ConciseBody : ExpressionBody
  1. Return false.
 ConciseBody : { FunctionBody }
  1. Return FunctionBodyContainsUseStrict of FunctionBody.

15.3.3 Runtime Semantics: EvaluateConciseBody

The syntax-directed operation EvaluateConciseBody takes arguments functionObject (an ECMAScript function object) and argumentsList (a List of ECMAScript language values) and returns either a normal completion containing an ECMAScript language value or an abrupt completion. It is defined piecewise over the following productions:

ConciseBody : ExpressionBody
  1. Perform ? FunctionDeclarationInstantiation(functionObject, argumentsList).
  2. Return ? Evaluation of ExpressionBody.

15.3.4 Runtime Semantics: InstantiateArrowFunctionExpression

The syntax-directed operation InstantiateArrowFunctionExpression takes optional argument name (a property key or a Private Name) and returns an ECMAScript function object. It is defined piecewise over the following productions:

ArrowFunction : ArrowParameters => ConciseBody
  1. If name is not present, set name to "".
  2. Let env be the LexicalEnvironment of the running execution context.
  3. Let privateEnv be the running execution context's PrivateEnvironment.
  4. Let sourceText be the source text matched by ArrowFunction.
  5. Let closure be OrdinaryFunctionCreate(%Function.prototype%, sourceText, ArrowParameters, ConciseBody, lexical-this, env, privateEnv).
  6. Perform SetFunctionName(closure, name).
  7. Return closure.
 Note

An ArrowFunction does not define local bindings for arguments, super, this, or new.target. Any reference to arguments, super, this, or new.target within an ArrowFunction must resolve to a binding in a lexically enclosing environment. Typically this will be the Function Environment of an immediately enclosing function. Even though an ArrowFunction may contain references to super, the function object created in step 5 is not made into a method by performing MakeMethod. An ArrowFunction that references super is always contained within a non-ArrowFunction and the necessary state to implement super is accessible via the env that is captured by the function object of the ArrowFunction.

15.3.5 Runtime Semantics: Evaluation

ArrowFunction : ArrowParameters => ConciseBody
  1. Return InstantiateArrowFunctionExpression of ArrowFunction.
 ExpressionBody : AssignmentExpression
  1. Let exprRef be ? Evaluation of AssignmentExpression.
  2. Let exprValue be ? GetValue(exprRef).
  3. Return Completion Record { [[Type]]: return, [[Value]]: exprValue, [[Target]]: empty }.